痰热清注射液治疗血液肿瘤并肺部感染有效性及安全性的Meta分析

目的 系统分析痰热清注射液治疗血液肿瘤合并肺部感染的有效性与安全性,为制订临床治疗策略提供依据。 方法 系统检索CBM、CNKI、维普、万方、Pubmed及Embase数据库,采用Cochrane协作网RCT质量评价标准评价纳入研究质量,Meta分析对提取的数据进行分析。 结果 纳入4个随机对照研究,血液肿瘤并肺部感染335例,痰热清注射液治疗组175例,抗生素治疗组160例,纳入研究质量一般; Meta分析合并OR或MD值分别为临床总体疗效1.05(0.92~1.20)、临床治愈0.93(0.68~1.26)、临床显效1.33(0.73~2.42)及临床有效1.00(0.74~1.33)、平均退热时间-0.06(-0.38~0.26)、平均肺部啰音消失时间0.21(-0.33~0.75)、肺部阴影缓解时间0.18(-0.19~0.54)、细菌阳性率1.02(0.45~2.33)及细菌清除率0.95(0.77~1.17), 指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 单独使用痰热清注射液治疗血液肿瘤并肺部感染的临床疗效、症状体征缓解及细菌清除效果较好,可能与单独使用抗生素效果相当,安全性较好,但尚需高质量证据予以进一步证实。     

洞庭湖区血吸虫的中间宿主——钉螺对气象因子的响应

目的探讨气象因子对洞庭湖区血吸虫的中间宿主——钉螺的影响,为控制和消灭钉螺提供科学依据。方法采用线性趋势和相关分析方法,分析钉螺的变化趋势及与气象因子的关系。结果 1988-2012年洞庭湖区尚有钉螺总面积呈显著增加的趋势,增加速率为24 543.4 km2/10a,且以为垸外增加为主。近25年随着洞庭湖区气候变暖变干,尚有钉螺总面积有扩大的趋势。气候变暖导致钉螺和日本血吸虫在钉螺内生长发育季节均延长,生长发育期内积温呈增加趋势。暴雨洪涝和高洪水位导致钉螺扩散,面积增大。长时间连续性的极端干旱事件导致钉螺面积减小,而极端雨雪冰冻天气导致钉螺死亡率高。结论气象因子对洞庭湖区钉螺面积、生长发育等产生明显影响。     

Pharmacological targeting of GSK3β confers protection against podocytopathy and proteinuria by desensitizing mitochondrial permeability transition

Background and Purpose

Mitochondrial dysfunction, triggered by mitochondria permeability transition (MPT), has been centrally implicated in the pathogenesis of podocytopathy and involves a multitude of cell signalling mechanisms, among which, glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β has emerged as the integration point and plays a crucial role. This study aimed to examine the role of GSK3β in podocyte MPT and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Experimental Approach

The regulatory effect of GSK3β on MPT was examined in differentiated podocytes in culture and in a murine model of adriamycin-induced podocytopathy using 4-benzyl-2-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione (TDZD-8), a highly selective small-molecule inhibitor of GSK3β.

Key Results

TDZD-8 therapy prominently ameliorated the proteinuria and glomerular sclerosis in mice with adriamycin nephropathy; this was associated with a correction of GSK3β overactivity in the glomerulus and attenuation of podocyte injuries, including foot process effacement and podocyte death. Consistently, in adriamycin-injured podocytes, TDZD-8 treatment counteracted GSK3β overactivity, improved cell viability and prevented death, concomitant with diminished oxidative stress, improved mitochondrial dysfunction and desensitized MPT. Mechanistically, a discrete pool of GSK3β was found in podocyte mitochondria, which interacted with and phosphorylated clyclophilin F, a key structural component of the MPT pore. TDZD-8 treatment prevented the GSK3β-controlled phosphorylation and activation of cyclophilin F, desensitized MPT and alleviated the damage to mitochondria in podocytes induced by adriamycin in vivo and in vitro.

Conclusions and Implications

Our findings suggest that pharmacological targeting of GSK3β could represent a promising and feasible therapeutic strategy for protecting podocytes against mitochondrial dysfunction induced by oxidative injuries.     

抗生素制药菌渣的处理处置技术进展与分析

通过文献查阅和对国内数十家典型抗生素制药企业实地调研,本文分析了近6年(2007-2012年)国内抗生素制药菌渣产量、市场份额、地域分布等情况,对抗生素处理处置方法进行了分析总结,包括堆肥、厌氧消化、酵母膏用品、菌渣水煤浆、菌渣活性炭技术.分析结果发现,目前国内的菌渣处理处置和资源化技术中堆肥、厌氧消化最受多数企业认可.然而,各类抗生素制药菌渣处理处置技术都会不同程度的产生相关污染物,残留抗生素效价在进行资源化利用时还需谨慎处理.